Gas-engine.



No. 784.759. PATENTED MAR. 14, 1905.

0. (I. ROUSSEAU & E. 0. FERRIS. GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 11, 1902.

vcmto'cs UNITED STATES Patented March 14, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

OANFIELD J. ROUSSEAU, OF BRIDGEPORT, AND ELMER O. FERRIS. OF

STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO UNIVERSALKEROSENE ENGINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 784,759, dated March14, 1905.

Application filed September 11, 1902. Serial No. 122,986.

To (11/6 ill/tom, it may concern:

Be it known that we, CANFIELD J. Rous- SEAU, a subject of the King ofGreat Britain, and a resident of Bridgeport, and ELMER O.

FERRIs, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Stamford, inthe county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Gas- Engines, of which the following is aspecifiro cation, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,which form a part of the same.

This invention relates generally to gas-engines such as are especiallyadapted for use with liquid hydrocarbons; and it more speci'licallyconsists of a device located in the working cylinder of such agas-engine for vaporizing the liquid hydrocarbon supplied thereto.

In the accompanying drawings, in which the same reference characterrefers to similar parts in the several figures, Figure 1 is a sectionalview showing an embodiment of this invention as applied to a gas-engine.Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the vaporizer. Fig.

3 is a transverse section of the same, taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

In the embodiment of this invention shown in the drawings, A representsin axial section 0 the working cylinder of a gas-engine, this cylinderbeing provided with the usual waterjacket A. This cylinder is providedwith an exhaust-port A and with the air-inlet port A which communicateswith the work- 3 5 ingspace A of the cylinder, to which air is suppliedthrough the passage-way A This passage way communicates withcrankchamber A, to which air is admitted by inlet-port A Within thiscylinder there opcrates the piston O indicated, provided with thesuitable upturned flange C near the admission-port A for the purpose ofdeflecting the entering charge of inrushing air. This piston is shown inthe lowest position and is connected with the usual connecting-rod X andcrank-shaft Y, so that it reciprocates within the cylinder, its upperposition being indicated in dotted lines. This piston is also providedwith the usual packing C At the upper end of the cylinder there issecured to the head of the same the igniter B, of usual construction,which is kept suitably heated by the combustion within the cylinderduring the normal operation of the engine and serves to ignite the mixedgases within the working cylinder in a well-known manner. It will ofcourse be understood, however, that any other means of igniting thesegases may be employed.

This engine is adapted to be operated by liquid hydrocarbons, and thesehydrocarbon oils are forced into the working cylinder in suitablecharges through the injector D, which is preferably secured in one sideof the cylinder. The injector D is shown as firmly secured upon thecylinder A by the two bolts D D and this injector is provided with thecheck-valve I), forced against a suitable seat D formed in said injectorby the spring D Charges of oil are forced into this injector at propertimes during the operation of the e11- gine by the oil-pump E, thepiston E" operating within the cylinder of this pump to draw oil fromthe supply-pipe E past the spring-pressed check-valve E and operating toforce the same at each stroke of the engine past the check-valve E intothe pipe E, which is connected with the pump by the coupling E and whichis connected with the injector by the coupling D. The pump piston orplunger E is lifted a slight distance by the eccentric and eccentric-rodZ at a certain period of each revolution of the engine.

The injector-valve discharges the oil into the vaporizer D, which isclearly indicated in the drawings. This vaporizer comprises acylindrical body projecting a considerable distance into the workingcylinder, preferably in a direction radial to said cylinder, and ispreferably formed of brass or other similar material having a highconductivity for heat and a high heat-retaining capacity, so as toreadily absorb the heat from the gases within the cylinder and yield thesame up again to the oil when it is forced into said vaporizer. Thisvaporizer is firmly secured to the injector by the screw-threadedportion D which engages a corresponding threaded portion of the injectorand firmly forces the shoulder D of the vaporizer against the injectorend, so that the vaporizer assumes the position indicated in Fig. 1. Itwill be seen that by this means the vaporizer is supported very close tothe check-valve D, so that there is very little' space for theaccumulation of oil at this point. The vaporizer D is formed with thelongitudinal capillary passage D, extending through the same andcommunicating at the outer end of the vaporizer with a similartransverse capillary passage terminating in the orifice D?, whichdischarges the vaporized hydrocarbon toward the cylinder-head, andthereby insures its thorough mixture with the compressed air of thecharge. It is desirable that the passage in the vaporizer be made ofsmall diameter in order that the oil may be forced into and through thesame in the proper manfrom the relatively large highly-heated metal"mass of the vaporizer that at or before the oil emerges from the orificeD it ssumes a vap orized condition and is discharged through thisorifice in the form of vapor, at once mixing with the charged air in thecylinder. When complete compression of the charge forces some of thiscombustible mixture into the igniter, it explodes and forces the pistondownward. In this way very perfect combustion is secured, smoke andnoxious gases in the exhaust are prevented, and the engine is, throughthe perfect combustion attained, enabled to operate with a very higheconomy. The complete vaporization of the oil in the vaporizer is due tothe highly-heated condition of said vaporizer, it being heldcontinuously in a mass ofburning or highly-heated gases, and to thedistribution of the charge of oil along the entire length of the finecapillary passage in said vaporizer, whereby said oil is brought in theform of a thin1yattenuated body into immediate contact with the heatedmetal of the vaporizer.

It is of course understood that many modifications may be made in thisdevice without departing from the spirit of this invention. Thosefamiliar with this art may make variations in the proportions of partsand, furthermore, may substitute different parts for those indicated inthe drawings in certain instances. We do not, therefore, desire to belimited to the disclosure herein made in this case; but

What we do claim as new, and what we desire to secure by Letters Patent,is set forth in the appended claims:

1. In a hydrocarbon internal-combustion engine comprising a cylinder andpiston reciprocating therein, a vaporizer formed of a capillary tube ofheat-retaining material located. wholly within the Working cylinder.

2. In a hydrocarbon internal-combustion -engine comprising a cylinderand piston reciprocating therein, a vaporizer formed ofa capillary tubeof heat-retaining material located wholly Within the working cylinder,the discharge end of said tube pointing toward the cylinder-head.

3. In a hydrocarbon internal-combustion engine comprising a cylinder andpiston reciprocating therein, a vaporizer formed of a capillary tube ofheat-retaining material located wholly within. the working cylinder andradial thereof.

CANFIELD J. ROUSSEAU. ELMER O. FERRIS. WVitnesses:

HARRY L. DUNCAN, JEssIE B. KAY.

